| Identifier | Chain-1 |
|---|---|
| ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) | δ (ppm): 7.43 (dd, J = 8.3, 1.7 Hz, 2H), 7.28 (d, J = 2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.27 (d, J = 1.9 Hz, 1H), 7.08 (ddd, J = 8.8, 8.1, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 6.78 (ddd, J = 9.1, 7.5, 1.9 Hz, 1H), 4.16 (q, J = 7.0 Hz, 2H), 2.55 – 2.45 (m, 1H), 1.97 – 1.83 (m, 4H), 1.48 (t, J = 7.0 Hz, 5H), 1.36 – 1.19 (m, 9H), 1.12 – 1.01 (m, 2H), 0.90 (t, J = 7.0 Hz, 3H) |
| ¹³C NMR (126 MHz, CDCl₃) | δ (ppm): 150.05, 147.58, 140.92, 132.50, 128.75, 127.19, 123.29, 109.64, 65.54, 44.51, 37.54, 37.47, 34.45, 33.74, 32.37, 26.81, 22.87, 14.94, 14.27 |
| Melting point | 67–70 °C |
Praveen Choudhary et al. “Preserving the mesophase in the solution-processed OLED emissive layer through liquid-crystalline host–guest engineering.” ChemRxiv (). https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv.15007585/v1
| Identifier | Chain-2 |
|---|---|
| ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) | δ (ppm): 7.45 – 7.40 (m, 2H), 7.28 (d, J = 1.9 Hz, 1H), 7.27 (d, J = 1.9 Hz, 1H), 7.08 (ddd, J = 8.8, 8.1, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 6.78 (ddd, J = 9.1, 7.5, 1.9 Hz, 1H), 4.08 (t, J = 6.4 Hz, 2H), 3.44 (t, J = 6.8 Hz, 2H), 2.56 – 2.46 (m, 1H), 1.98 – 1.80 (m, 8H), 1.55 – 1.51 (m, 4H), 1.51 – 1.42 (m, 2H), 1.40 – 1.19 (m, 9H), 1.13 – 1.01 (m, 2H), 0.90 (t, J = 7.0 Hz, 3H) |
| ¹³C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl₃) | δ (ppm): 150.30, 147.60, 140.83, 132.48, 128.75, 127.20, 123.25, 109.72, 69.77, 44.50, 37.53, 37.46, 34.44, 33.92, 33.74, 32.78, 32.37, 29.15, 28.00, 26.80, 25.30, 22.87, 14.27 |
| Melting point | 50–52 °C |
| Identifier | Chain-3 |
|---|---|
| ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) | δ (ppm): 7.76 – 7.71 (m, 2H), 7.42 (dd, J = 8.3, 1.6 Hz, 2H), 7.28 (d, J = 1.8 Hz, 1H), 7.26 (s, 1H), 7.08 (td, J = 8.5, 2.3 Hz, 1H), 6.91 – 6.86 (m, 2H), 6.80 – 6.74 (m, 1H), 4.08 (t, J = 6.5 Hz, 2H), 4.00 (t, J = 6.4 Hz, 2H), 2.50 (t, J = 12.2 Hz, 1H), 1.89 (q, J = 15.3, 14.8 Hz, 8H), 1.57 (d, J = 3.7 Hz, 4H), 1.54 – 1.40 (m, 3H), 1.33 (s, 20H), 1.06 (q, J = 11.7, 11.0 Hz, 2H), 0.90 (t, J = 6.9 Hz, 3H) |
| ¹³C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl₃) | δ (ppm): 161.83, 147.57, 142.08, 136.65, 128.78, 128.75, 127.19, 123.65, 114.00, 109.71, 83.67, 69.87, 67.71, 44.51, 37.54, 37.47, 34.45, 33.74, 32.37, 29.27, 26.81, 25.96, 25.86, 25.01, 22.88, 14.28 |
| Melting point | 111–112 °C |
| Identifier | Chain-4 |
|---|---|
| ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₂Cl₂) | δ (ppm): 7.42 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 4H), 7.28 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 4H), 7.11 (t, J = 8.5 Hz, 2H), 6.82 (t, J = 8.2 Hz, 2H), 6.65 (d, J = 1.9 Hz, 2H), 6.39 (d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1H), 4.08 (t, J = 6.4 Hz, 4H), 3.93 (t, J = 6.4 Hz, 4H), 2.51 (t, J = 12.4 Hz, 2H), 1.95 – 1.83 (m, 12H), 1.81 (q, J = 6.6 Hz, 4H), 1.54 – 1.42 (m, 10H), 1.28 (td, J = 14.8, 7.1 Hz, 20H), 1.07 (q, J = 11.5 Hz, 4H), 0.94 – 0.86 (m, 6H) |
| ¹³C NMR (101 MHz, CD₂Cl₂) | δ (ppm): 161.22, 148.05, 143.31, 140.72, 132.64, 128.95, 128.92, 127.43, 124.01, 123.07, 110.49, 109.88, 100.87, 73.73, 70.06, 68.60, 54.38, 54.11, 53.84, 53.57, 53.30, 44.73, 37.77, 37.67, 34.72, 33.95, 32.62, 29.44, 29.39, 27.04, 26.09, 26.01, 23.12, 14.29 |
| HR-MS [M+Cl]⁻ | Calculated:1105.4940(C₆₄H₈₁BrF₄O₄Cl); Found: 1105.4921 |
| Melting point | 160–162 °C |
| Identifier | Chain-5 |
|---|---|
| ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₂Cl₂) | δ (ppm): 7.45 – 7.38 (m, 4H), 7.32 – 7.25 (m, 4H), 7.11 (td, J = 8.5, 2.4 Hz, 2H), 6.87 (d, J = 2.4 Hz, 2H), 6.83 (ddd, J = 9.1, 7.6, 1.9 Hz, 2H), 6.54 (t, J = 2.4 Hz, 1H), 4.09 (t, J = 6.5 Hz, 4H), 3.98 (t, J = 6.4 Hz, 4H), 2.57 – 2.46 (m, 2H), 1.96 – 1.85 (m, 12H), 1.81 (t, J = 6.7 Hz, 4H), 1.47 (td, J = 13.0, 3.7 Hz, 4H), 1.32 (s, 18H), 1.23 (s, 20H), 1.06 (ddd, J = 15.8, 9.9, 3.3 Hz, 4H), 0.90 (t, J = 6.9 Hz, 6H) |
| ¹³C NMR (101 MHz, CD₂Cl₂) | δ (ppm): 160.37, 150.45, 148.06, 132.70, 128.98, 128.95, 127.45, 124.04, 123.32, 123.21, 112.54, 109.97, 105.26, 84.23, 70.16, 68.29, 44.76, 37.80, 37.71, 34.75, 33.99, 32.65, 29.63, 29.51, 27.06, 26.21, 26.07, 25.26, 25.05, 24.77, 23.13, 15.24, 14.30 |
| HR-MS [M+H]⁺ | Calculated:1117.7085 (C₇₀H₉₄BF₄O₆); Found: 1117.7073 |
| Melting point | 159–160 °C |
| Identifier | mCP-Br |
|---|---|
| ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) | δ (ppm): 8.21 (d, J = 2.2 Hz, 4H), 7.88 (t, J = 8.1 Hz, 1H), 7.67 (d, J = 7.1 Hz, 3H), 7.54 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 4H), 7.39 – 7.32 (m, 4H) |
| Melting point | 318–320 °C |
| Identifier | mCP |
|---|---|
| CV/DPV (degassed CH₂Cl₂, 0.1 M [nBu₄N]PF₆; Fc/Fc⁺; vs SCE) | Reversible oxidation; no reduction wave was observed |
| CV sweep rate | Sweep rate = 50 mV·s⁻¹ |
| CV/DPV trace scan rate | Scan rate = 0.1 V·s⁻¹ |
| DPV-derived HOMO energy | −5.40 eV |
| Absorption/emission-derived Eopt | 3.63 eV |
| Estimated LUMO energy | −1.77 eV |
| HOMO–LUMO gap | 3.63 eV |
| UV–vis absorption (toluene, approximately 10⁻⁶ M) | λAbs = 294 nm (ε = 4.5 × 10⁴ M⁻¹ cm⁻¹); low-energy band at λAbs = 320–350 nm |
| SS PL (toluene, approximately 10⁻⁶ M; λexc = 300 nm) | λPL = 344 nm |
| SS PL (neat film; λexc = 300 nm) | λPL = 349, 363 nm |
| SS PL/delayed emission onsets (2-MeTHF, 77 K; λexc = 310 nm) | ES₁ = 3.69 eV; ET₁ = 3.09 eV |
| Delayed emission onset (neat film, 77 K; λexc = 290 nm) | ET₁ = 2.89 eV |
| ΦPL (neat film) | 23 % |
| MCS delayed fluorescence (neat film; λexc = 310 nm) | τd = 14.06 µs |
| Identifier | mCPLC |
|---|---|
| ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) | δ (ppm): 8.36 (d, J = 1.7 Hz, 4H), 7.92 – 7.84 (m, 2H), 7.75 (dd, J = 7.9, 2.0 Hz, 2H), 7.69 – 7.58 (m, 16H), 7.45 – 7.37 (m, 8H), 7.27 (d, J = 2.0 Hz, 4H), 7.26 (s, 4H), 7.08 (td, J = 8.5, 2.3 Hz, 4H), 7.05 – 7.00 (m, 8H), 6.78 (ddd, J = 9.1, 7.5, 1.9 Hz, 4H), 4.08 (dt, J = 17.8, 6.4 Hz, 16H), 2.50 (tt, J = 12.1, 3.2 Hz, 4H), 1.91 (td, J = 14.1, 12.8, 4.7 Hz, 32H), 1.64 – 1.56 (m, 16H), 1.52 – 1.42 (m, 8H), 1.37 – 1.22 (m, 36H), 1.13 – 1.00 (m, 8H), 0.91 (t, J = 6.9 Hz, 12H) |
| ¹³C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl₃) | δ (ppm): 158.42, 150.29, 150.19, 147.82, 147.72, 147.65, 147.54, 143.27, 143.12, 140.82, 140.67, 140.22, 140.22, 139.59, 134.37, 133.91, 132.48, 131.45, 128.75, 128.72, 128.40, 127.18, 125.67, 124.95, 124.46, 124.45, 123.68, 123.64, 123.60, 123.27, 123.16, 118.62, 115.01, 110.16, 109.70, 109.67, 69.85, 68.05, 44.47, 37.53, 37.45, 34.42, 33.72, 32.37, 29.39, 29.28, 26.80, 26.00, 25.88, 22.87, 14.27 |
| HR-MS [M+H]⁺ | Calculated: 2538.42716 (C₁₇₀H₁₈₉F₈N₂O₈); Found: 2538.47471 |
| Melting point | 181–182 °C |
| HPLC (18:82 water:THF) | Purity: 100 %; retention time 8.274 min |
| CV/DPV (degassed CH₂Cl₂, 0.1 M [nBu₄N]PF₆; Fc/Fc⁺; vs SCE) | Reversible oxidation; Eox = 1.10 V; no reduction wave was observed |
| CV sweep rate | Sweep rate = 50 mV·s⁻¹ |
| CV/DPV trace scan rate | Scan rate = 0.1 V·s⁻¹ |
| DPV-derived HOMO energy | −5.44 eV |
| Absorption/emission-derived Eopt | 3.37 eV |
| Estimated LUMO energy | −2.07 eV |
| HOMO–LUMO gap | 3.37 eV |
| POM (cooling from isotropic melt) | Maltese crosses at 179 °C and fan-shaped textures at 149 °C were observed, which are characteristic of a smectic mesophase |
| DSC heating (10 K·min⁻¹) | Endothermic peak at 127 °C corresponding to a crystalline-phase-to-mesophase transition; transition peak at 182 °C corresponding to the clearing temperature and the mesophase-to-isotropic-phase transition |
| DSC cooling (10 K·min⁻¹) | Exothermic peaks at 180 and 121 °C corresponding to mesophase formation and subsequent crystallization, respectively |
| WAXS/SAXS (170 °C) | Two sharp reflections in the small-angle region and one diffuse reflection in the wide-angle region; diffuse halo d = 4.09 Å, corresponding to the average distance between two of the aliphatic chains of the mesogenic groups; sharp (001) and (002) reflections with d₀₀₁ = 39.52 Å and d₀₀₂ = 19.70 Å, characteristic of a smectic A phase; no π–π stacking reflections |
| UV–vis absorption (toluene, 10⁻⁶ M) | λAbs = 294 nm (ε = 12 × 10⁴ M⁻¹ cm⁻¹), assigned to a combination of π–π* transitions originating from the mCP core and the difluorobiphenyl mesogenic units; low-energy band at λAbs = 340–360 nm, assigned to n–π* transitions associated with the carbazole present in the molecule |
| SS PL (toluene, 10⁻⁶ M, 300 K) | λPL = 376, 396 nm; FWHM = 45 nm |
| SS PL (spin-coated neat film under vacuum, 300 K) | λPL = 385, 404 nm; FWHM = 50 nm; a long tail was observed |
| SS PL excitation condition | λexc = 380 nm for solution and film |
| SS PL spectrum (dilute toluene solution) | λexc = 315 nm |
| SS PL/delayed emission spectra (2-MeTHF solution and neat film, 77 K) | λexc = 310 nm |
| SS PL (5 wt% in PMMA and neat film; λexc = 310 nm) | Identical PL profiles |
| SS PL/delayed emission onsets (2-MeTHF, 10⁻⁶ M, 77 K; delay 1 ms, gate time 9 ms; λexc = 343 nm) | ES₁ = 3.38 eV; ET₁ = 2.81 eV; ΔEST = 0.57 eV |
| SS PL/delayed emission onsets (spin-coated neat film under vacuum, 77 K; delay 1 ms, gate time 9 ms; λexc = 343 nm) | ES₁ = 3.30 eV; ET₁ = 2.73 eV; ΔEST = 0.57 eV |
| ΦPL (spin-coated neat film; integrating sphere) | 22 % |
| TCSPC prompt fluorescence (spin-coated neat film under vacuum, λexc = 375 nm) | Biexponential decay kinetics; average τp = 9.17 ns |
| MCS delayed fluorescence (spin-coated neat film under vacuum, λexc = 340 nm) | Biexponential decay kinetics; average τd = 507.88 µs |
| TCSPC/MCS excitation for reported lifetime values | λexc = 375 nm |
| Steady-state-approximation rate constants (spin-coated neat film) | kₛʳ = 2.40 × 10⁷ s⁻¹; kₛⁿʳ = 8.51 × 10⁷ s⁻¹ |
| Identifier | DiKTa-Meso |
|---|---|
| ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) | δ (ppm): 9.01 (s, 2H), 8.73 (s, 2H), 8.21 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 2H), 7.94 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 2H), 7.40 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 12H), 7.25 (d, J = 9.0 Hz, 12H), 7.07 (t, J = 8.6 Hz, 6H), 6.94 (s, 2H), 6.88 (s, 4H), 6.78 (t, J = 8.2 Hz, 6H), 6.54 (s, 3H), 4.09 (q, J = 7.9, 7.4 Hz, 24H), 2.48 (t, J = 12.2 Hz, 6H), 1.89 (q, J = 12.7, 9.4 Hz, 46H), 1.61 (d, J = 5.7 Hz, 22H), 1.45 (d, J = 12.5 Hz, 14H), 1.26 (ddq, J = 27.3, 13.1, 6.9 Hz, 56H), 1.04 (q, J = 12.7, 12.1 Hz, 12H), 0.90 (t, J = 6.9 Hz, 18H) |
| ¹³C NMR (101 MHz, CD₂Cl₂) | δ (ppm): 178.55, 161.32, 161.26, 150.40, 150.29, 147.99, 147.83, 143.29, 143.14, 141.07, 140.84, 140.69, 139.17, 138.04, 136.62, 132.60, 131.67, 130.93, 128.90, 128.88, 127.39, 126.76, 125.48, 124.13, 123.99, 123.23, 123.12, 121.30, 109.84, 106.05, 105.90, 101.28, 101.07, 70.07, 68.47, 44.68, 37.77, 37.66, 34.69, 33.93, 32.63, 29.59, 29.48, 27.04, 26.19, 26.08, 23.12, 14.30 |
| HR-MS [M+H]⁺ | Calculated: 3266.89082 (C₂₁₂H₂₅₁F₁₂NO₁₄); Found: 3265.90411 |
| Melting point | 208–210 °C; 200 °C |
| HPLC-GPC (100 % THF) | Purity: 98.57 %; retention time 8.595 min |
| CV/DPV (degassed CH₂Cl₂, 0.1 M [nBu₄N]PF₆; Fc/Fc⁺; vs SCE) | Irreversible oxidation and reversible reduction; Eox = 1.56 V; Ered = −1.67 V |
| CV sweep rate | Sweep rate = 50 mV·s⁻¹ |
| CV/DPV trace scan rate | Scan rate = 0.1 V·s⁻¹ |
| DPV-derived HOMO and LUMO energies | EHOMO = −5.90 eV; ELUMO = −3.13 eV |
| HOMO–LUMO gap | 2.77 eV |
| DSC heating (5 K·min⁻¹) | Phase-transition peaks at 200 and 210 °C |
| DSC cooling (5 K·min⁻¹) | Transition peaks at 208 and 196 °C; the transition at approximately 196 °C is assigned to the crystal-to-mesophase transition, whereas the peak at 208 °C corresponds to the mesophase-to-isotropic-phase transition |
| POM (crossed polarizers; cooling from isotropic melt) | Fan-shaped textures at 194 and 180 °C, characteristic of a smectic A mesophase |
| SAXS/WAXS (218 °C) | Three sharp reflections in the small-angle region, corresponding to (001), (002) and (003) reflections, together with one diffuse halo in the wide-angle region; d-spacings of 59.3, 29.6 and 19.8 Å for the (001), (002) and (003) reflections, respectively; characteristic of a smectic A mesophase; no diffraction peak attributable to π–π stacking was observed |
| UV–vis absorption (toluene, 10⁻⁶ M) | Low-energy band at λAbs = 464 nm (ε = 16 × 10³ M⁻¹ cm⁻¹), assigned to the short-range charge-transfer transition of the DiKTa core; high-energy band at λAbs = 316 nm (ε = 48 × 10³ M⁻¹ cm⁻¹), attributed to π–π* transitions associated with the DiKTa core and the mesogenic substituents |
| SS PL (toluene, 10⁻⁶ M, 300 K) | λPL = 489 nm; FWHM = 33 nm; Stokes shift = 25 nm |
| SS PL (spin-coated neat film under vacuum, 300 K) | Red-shifted, unstructured and significantly broadened emission; λPL = 521 nm; FWHM = 58 nm |
| SS PL excitation condition | λexc = 380 nm for solution and film |
| SS PL spectrum (dilute toluene solution) | λexc = 360 nm |
| SS PL spectrum (spin-coated neat film) | λexc = 340 nm |
| SS PL/delayed emission spectra (2-MeTHF solution, 77 K) | λexc = 340 nm |
| SS PL/delayed emission onsets (2-MeTHF, 10⁻⁶ M, 77 K; delay 1 ms, gate time 9 ms; λexc = 343 nm) | ES₁ = 2.64 eV; ET₁ = 2.41 eV; ΔEST = 0.23 eV |
| SS PL/delayed emission onsets (spin-coated neat film under vacuum, 77 K; delay 1 ms, gate time 9 ms; λexc = 343 nm) | ES₁ = 2.50 eV; ET₁ = 2.47 eV; ΔEST = 0.03 eV |
| SS PL/delayed emission maxima (spin-coated neat film) | Peak-derived ES₁ = 2.39 eV; ET₁ = 2.31 eV; ΔEST = 0.08 eV |
| SS PL/delayed emission maxima (2-MeTHF solution) | Peak-derived ES₁ = 2.54 eV; ET₁ = 2.31 eV; ΔEST = 0.23 eV |
| ΦPL (toluene solution; relative method, quinine sulfate standard) | 48 % in degassed toluene; 46 % under air |
| ΦPL (spin-coated neat film; integrating sphere) | 10 % |
| TCSPC/MCS (toluene solution, λexc = 375 nm) | Monoexponential decay kinetics; τp = 7.39 ns; τd = 750.13 µs |
| TCSPC prompt fluorescence (spin-coated neat film under vacuum, λexc = 375 nm) | Biexponential decay kinetics; average τp = 4.59 ns |
| MCS delayed fluorescence (spin-coated neat film under vacuum, λexc = 340 nm) | Biexponential decay kinetics; average τd = 408.73 µs |
| TCSPC/MCS excitation for reported lifetime values | λexc = 375 nm |
| Temperature-dependent time-resolved PL (spin-coated neat film) | The delayed emission was thermally activated |
| Steady-state-approximation rate constants (toluene solution) | kISC = 3.38 × 10⁶ s⁻¹; kRISC = 1.37 × 10³ s⁻¹; kₛʳ = 6.33 × 10⁷ s⁻¹; kₛⁿʳ = 6.86 × 10⁷ s⁻¹ |
| Steady-state-approximation rate constants (spin-coated neat film) | kISC = 19.80 × 10⁶ s⁻¹; kRISC = 2.69 × 10³ s⁻¹; kₛʳ = 1.98 × 10⁷ s⁻¹; kₛⁿʳ = 17.80 × 10⁷ s⁻¹ |
| POM (5 wt%; crossed polarizers; cooling from isotropic melt) | Fan-shaped texture at 184 °C, confirming the presence of a smectic A mesophase |
|---|---|
| DSC cooling (1 and 2 wt%; 5 K·min⁻¹) | Isotropic-to-mesophase transition peaks at 177 and 179 °C, respectively; mesophase-to-crystalline-phase transition peaks at 116 and 120 °C, respectively |
| DSC cooling (5 wt%; 10 K·min⁻¹) | Isotropic-to-mesophase transition peak at 176 °C; mesophase-to-crystalline-phase transition peak at 116 °C |
| WAXS/SAXS (1, 2 and 5 wt%; 145 °C) | Broad halo in the wide-angle region and two sharp reflections in the small-angle region; broad-halo d-spacings of 4.09, 4.61 and 3.96 Å, respectively; characteristic (001) and (002) reflections of a smectic A phase; d₀₀₁ = 39.19, 42.17 and 39.77 Å, respectively |
| SS PL (1 wt%, 300 K; λexc = 340 nm) | λPL = 526 nm; FWHM = 94 nm; ΦPL = 60 % |
|---|---|
| SS PL (2 wt%, 300 K; λexc = 340 nm) | λPL = 528 nm; FWHM = 94 nm; ΦPL = 69 % |
| SS PL (5 wt%, 300 K; λexc = 340 nm) | λPL = 534 nm; FWHM = 95 nm; ΦPL = 75 %; feature at λPL = 409 nm assigned to residual emission from the host mCPLC |
| SS PL/delayed emission onsets (5 wt%, 77 K; delay 1 ms, gate time 9 ms; λexc = 340 nm) | ES₁ = 2.46 eV; ET₁ = 2.43 eV; ΔEST = 0.03 eV |
| TCSPC/MCS (5 wt%; λexc = 375/340 nm) | Average τp = 12.61 ns; average τd = 89.44 µs |
| Steady-state-approximation rate constants (5 wt%) | kISC = 6.35 × 10⁶ s⁻¹; kRISC = 1.22 × 10⁴ s⁻¹; kₛʳ = 5.48 × 10⁷ s⁻¹; kₛⁿʳ = 18.30 × 10⁶ s⁻¹ |
| Temperature-dependent time-resolved PL (5 wt%) | The delayed emission was thermally activated |
| SS PL (1 wt%, 300 K; λexc = 340 nm) | λPL = 492 nm; FWHM = 36 nm |
|---|---|
| SS PL (2 wt%, 300 K; λexc = 340 nm) | λPL = 493 nm; FWHM = 37 nm |
| SS PL (5 wt%, 300 K; λexc = 340 nm) | λPL = 493 nm; FWHM = 37 nm; ΦPL = 86 % |
| SS PL/delayed emission onsets (5 wt%, 77 K; delay 1 ms, gate time 9 ms; λexc = 340 nm) | ES₁ = 2.62 eV; ET₁ = 2.42 eV; ΔEST = 0.20 eV |
| TCSPC/MCS (5 wt%; λexc = 375/340 nm) | Average τp = 6.94 ns; average τd = 482.39 µs |
| Steady-state-approximation rate constants (5 wt%) | kISC = 91.90 × 10⁶ s⁻¹; kRISC = 0.56 × 10⁴ s⁻¹; kₛʳ = 4.49 × 10⁷ s⁻¹; kₛⁿʳ = 7.30 × 10⁶ s⁻¹ |
| Temperature-dependent time-resolved PL (5 wt%) | The delayed emission was thermally activated |