| SEM and EBSD, well-polished surfaces | Single-crystal LLZTO was largely featureless, whereas polycrystalline LLZTO exhibited a dense network of surface flaws, such as grain boundaries and voids intersecting the surface |
|---|---|
| XPS, La 3d, Zr 3d, and O 1s | Nearly identical spectra were obtained for polycrystalline and single-crystal LLZTO with and without surface scratches |
| AFM, scratched single-crystal LLZTO | Root mean square surface roughness Rq was approximately 28 nm; scratching increased the median flaw height by approximately one order of magnitude, from about 10 nm to 100 nm |
| Spherical nanoindentation, well-polished surfaces | Both polycrystalline and single-crystal LLZTO initially exhibited Hertzian contact behavior; a sudden displacement burst and load drop were subsequently observed during further loading |
| Spherical nanoindentation, single-crystal LLZTO, 20 mN | Pronounced indentation-induced cracks were observed |
Yuwei Zhang, Soroush Motahari, Xingqing Wu, Hendrik Holz, Pradhyun V. Soundaraj, Kuan Ding, Kartik S. Umate, Cole D. Fincher, Yug Joshi, Dierk Raabe, Siyuan Zhang, Chuanlai Liu, Gerhard Dehm. “Surface flaw controlled Li dendrite initiation in garnet solid electrolyte.” ChemRxiv (). https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv.15007887/v1
Values presented only in plots or images were not transcribed. The main paper refers to supporting information, but no separate supporting information file was available on the ChemRxiv article page